Maths Library

Arrays and Repeated Addition: Grade 3 math

Introduces multiplication using visual arrays and repeated addition models. Pupils connect rows and columns to write matching addition and multiplication sentences.

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What this covers

Arrays and Repeated Addition is taught in Grade 3 (age 8 to 9) as a main teaching focus. It sits in the Number strand.

Worked example

Write a multiplication sentence for an array with 3 rows of 4 dots.

  1. Count the number of rows: 3
  2. Count the number in each row: 4
  3. Write as repeated addition: 4 + 4 + 4 = 12
  4. Write as multiplication: 3 × 4 = 12

Answer: 3 × 4 = 12

Difficulty scale

The sheet generator offers five difficulty settings for this topic.

  1. Arrays up to 2 × 5 with dots; identify rows and columns
  2. Arrays up to 5 × 5; write matching repeated addition sentences
  3. Arrays up to 5 × 10; write both addition and multiplication equations
  4. Arrays up to 10 × 10; complete missing parts of equations
  5. Draw or partition arrays using the distributive property, e.g. 7 × 6 as 5 × 6 + 2 × 6

Common mistakes

  • Confusing rows and columns, reversing the multiplier and multiplicand representation
  • Counting total dots individually rather than grouping by repeated addition

Curriculum links

Indicative matches to Common Core State Standards. Check wording and codes against the official document.

  • 3.OA.A.1 Interpret products of whole numbers using equal groups, arrays, and repeated addition.

Sample sheet and answers

Six questions at the level's usual difficulty. Open the editor to change, add or regenerate any of them.

Arrays and Repeated Addition

Grade 3 math

Qs
6
Marks
18
NameDateScore / 18
1.
The array has 8 rows. How many dots are there altogether?
[3]
2.
The array has 3 rows. How many dots are there altogether?
[3]
3.
The array has 2 rows. How many dots are there altogether?
[3]
4.
The array has 8 rows. How many dots are there altogether?
[3]
5.
The array has 3 rows. How many dots are there altogether?
[3]
6.
The array has 6 rows. How many dots are there altogether?
[3]

Answer key

  1. 248 rows of 3; 8 × 3 = 24
  2. 93 rows of 3; 3 × 3 = 9
  3. 42 rows of 2; 2 × 2 = 4
  4. 488 rows of 6; 8 × 6 = 48
  5. 243 rows of 8; 3 × 8 = 24
  6. 246 rows of 4; 6 × 4 = 24